Business Plan on Bonds

A bond can be defined as a contractual promise to repay a principal sum of money together with the interest, also known as coupons, at given maturity dates. Bonds are debt instruments that are issued for a period usually more than a year with the intention of raising capital. When investors purchase bonds, they became creditors of the issuer. The fair value of a bond is determined by the present value of cash flows that are to be generated from the bond in future at a given discount rate. Hence, the price of a bond is calculated using the present value formula at a specified discount rate. Price of the bond is calculated by the formula: P = (C/†¹1+i†º + C/†¹1+i†º2 †¦ + C/†¹1+i†ºn) + M/†¹1+i†ºn Where; P is the price of the bond, C is the periodic interest payment or the coupon payments, if is the given discount/interest rate, n is the number of payments and M is the value of the bond at maturity (Faerber). Bonds are issued as a means of raising funds from external sources to invest in long term projects or investments that will take a relatively long period before the returns on the investment are realized (Banks). Bonds are issued by the federal government, cities, states, municipalities, public companies and credit institutions Both stocks and bonds are long term securities. The main difference between the two is that stockholders are the owners of the company with rights to attend annual general meetings and other general meetings of the company and vote in such meetings whereas bondholders are lenders of the company. Another variation is that all bonds, apart from consol bonds,  Ã‚   have a specified maturity date whereas stocks remain outstanding as long as the company is a going concern (Banks). Corporations may prefer to issue bonds other than stocks to minimize their tax liability because the interest paid is a tax allowable deduction on their income tax returns whereas dividends paid on stock is not tax allowable deduction on their income tax returns. Corporations may also want to avoid dilution of ownership interest since bonds do not vest ownership interest to the holders (Banks). Coupon is the periodic interest payments made to bond holders. Coupon value is computed by multiplying the stipulated interest rate with the par value of the bond (Faerber). Maturity date is the date which the bond issuer must repay the principal amount. After the maturity date, the bond issuer does not have any more obligations to bond holders provided that the issuer has paid the principal amount with any outstanding interest. Bonds normally have a maturity period of more than one year since they are a long-term source of finance (Faerber). Face value is the usually sum of money that must be repaid when the bond matures. However, some structured bonds have a different redemption value other than the face value. These are bonds that are linked to the performance of certain assets at the time of maturity such as commodity index, a stock, a fund or foreign exchange Face value is also the value that forms the basis of computation of coupon payments to be made by the issuer (Faerber). Bonds are also issued at a discount when it has a coupon yield that is less than the prevailing market interest rate. Bond issuers will therefore be forced to issue the bond at an amount less than the face value to make them attractive and equate the coupon yield with the prevailing market interest rates. For zero coupon bonds investors pay less than the face value of the bond. Zero coupon bonds are bonds that do not pay regular interest. They are issued at discount on the par value so that total interest is rolled up to when the bond matures as the bond holder will receive the face value amount in full (Banks).Bonds are also issued at a premium when it has a coupon yield that is more than the prevailing market interest rate. Bond issuers will therefore take advantage of the higher market interest rates to raise more funds by issuing the bond at an amount higher than the face value and equate the coupon yield with the prevailing market interest rates (Banks). Works Cited Banks, Erik. Finance: The Basics. 2, illustrated. New York: Taylor Francis, 2010. Faerber, Esmà ©. All about bonds and bond mutual funds: the easy way to get started. revised. New York: McGraw-Hill Professional, 2005.

Tlc Lab Report - 1670 Words

Separating Substances: Identifying Food Dyes with TLC Background The color of food is an integral part of our culture and enjoyment of life. Who would deny the mouth-watering appeal of a deep-pink strawberry ice cream on a hot summers day or a golden Thanksgiving turkey garnished with fresh green parsley? Even early civilizations such as the Romans recognized that people eat with their eyes as well as their palates. Saffron and other spices were often used to provide a rich yellow color to various foods. Butter has been colored yellow as far back as the 1300s. Food color additives are dyes, pigments or substances that impart color when applied to a food, drug, cosmetic, or the human body. The Food and Drug Administration†¦show more content†¦Place 5 candy pieces of the same color into a small beaker. Pour enough acetic acid solution into each tube to just cover all of the candy pieces, around 5 mL. 2. Agitate the beaker carefully for about 30-45 seconds, or until the color comes off of the candy. Be careful to dissolve as little as possible of the white layer (sugar) under the colored layer and do not dissolve any of the chocolate. Immediately decant the colored solution into a clean test tube, trying not to transfer any of the sediment. Repeat with the other colors for which you are responsible. 3. Now you need to extract the dye from the solution onto the strips of yarn. To do this, place one piece of yarn into each test tube of colored solution. Heat the tubes in a boiling water bath for 8-10 minutes. You can remove the tubes from the water when the solution is milky-white and the yarn is the color of the dye, in other words, when all of the dye has been extracted from the solution. 4. Remove the dyed yarn from the solution and rinse it with distilled water. If you wish you may cut ~2 cms off each piece of yarn as a souvenir. 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Airframe by Michael Crichton Essay Example For Students

Airframe by Michael Crichton Essay Airframe, a novel by Michael Crichton was a fairly good book that became very exciting towards the end. It is about the aviation industry and a fictional company named Norton Aircraft that manufactures planes. There is only one main character and the plot of the novel is about a secret plan to destroy the president of Norton. The book gets off to a slow start, but rapidly builds up pace in the last hundred pages. The main character of the novel is Casey Singleton. She is a divorced mother in her mid-forties. She is a vice president of the Quality Assurance Incident Review Team. Whenever anything goes wrong with a plane that was made by Norton, the Incident Review Team finds out what the problem was and fixes it. The whole book is based on her and her actions. If there had to be two more supporting characters, one would be John Marder. He is the chief operating officer of Norton Aircraft. In other words, he runs the factory. He has also been nice to Casey, but he turns out to be a very bad person and sly guy. The third important character in the novel Airframe is Jennifer Malone. She is a reporter for a news show called Newsline. From the descriptions in the book, this show sounds very much like the news program 20/20. She does a news story on the two latest events of the N-22 aircraft that has had unusual problems lately. She does not understand what the aviation industry is about so she has a very bad attitude. As a result, Casey ends up telling her off towards the end of the book. The plot of Airframe is a very complex and exciting plot. The book starts off with a bang with a suspenseful first chapter. An airplane encounters severe turbulence and many passengers are hurt. Eventually a team at Norton is put together to find out what the cause of the situation is. The problem puts Nortons airplane deal with China, for billions of dollars, in serious jeopardy. The team cannot find any leads, and soon the media catches on to Nortons problems. The reporters love a story that is bad and makes the viewers concerned about airline safety. A lot of people are already concerned about airline safety. When the media advertises a bad story about manufacturers, everyone will watch it. Casey finds herself in dangerous situations where people are following her and watching her. She knows something is wrong and there is some kind of secret plot. She figures it out in the last fourth of the novel but she does not tell the reader until she tells Jennifer Malone in the second chapter until the end. It turns out the whole incident was a pilots error. The experienced pilot let his own son fly the plane while he went to go get a cup of coffee. The son did not know what to do, so he almost crashed the plane. Before Casey Singleton came to the simple answer above, she investigated many possibilities. One was that the slats on the wing extended without a command. Another was that the plane had counterfeit parts that supposedly damaged the plane. She found absolutely nothing. It turns out that John Marder was supposed to ruin Nortons current president over this incident. He thought once a critical news story was shown on Newsline, that the president would be ruined as well as Casey Singleton since she was the one that handled the interview. He had been cooking up a deal with North Korea to sell even more planes than Norton was preparing to sell to China. But he must become president before the deal would go through. Once the Korean sell was accomplished, Norton stock would sky-rocket which would make John Marder rich since he owned tons of it. This was all part of his plan but it was all ruined since the story did not air because it turned out it had been the pilots fault. Obviously, it was not the manufacturers fault. No one wanted to hear about a young kid killing three people and injuring hundreds. .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .postImageUrl , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:hover , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:visited , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:active { border:0!important; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:active , .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42 .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue88e94b6f068bd201fdc214bfd7d9a42:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The play Oedipus The King begins with the king and queen of Thebes, Laius and Jocasta EssayIt is plain and simple: its not good news. Marder was fired once his plot was uncovered and Casey Singleton took his place. There were many conflicts in Airframe. So many, you could not dare counting them all. Some of the main conflicts were between Casey Singleton and her colleagues. They got into arguments and disagreements all the time because they each believed something different caused the accident of the flight. There was a conflict about the men suspiciously following Casey who turned out to be John Marder employees. The real main conflict in the novel was John Marders cover-up operation that could have easily destroyed Hal Edgarton, the president of Norton and Casey Singleton, the vice president of the QAR team. The theme or message of Airframe I personally think is that the media is way too powerful and greedy in this modern world. They can say anything they want anytime they want about anybody they want. The media is way too powerful. They dont always speak the truth! It was definitely man versus society. Michael Crichton, the author of Airframe, was born in Chicago in 1942 but grew up in a suburb of New York. Mr. Crichton attended Harvard Medical School to become a doctor. He always had an interest in writing and he wrote his first novel In Case of Need under a pseudonym of Jeffrey Hudson. He has also used John Lange as a pseudonym. Michael has written many novels and has won many awards. Michael Crichton also directs movies and is the author of the hit TV show ER. His major novels include: Airframe, The Lost World, Disclosure, Rising Sun, Jurassic Park, Sphere, The Eaters of the Dead, The Great Train Robbery, The Terminal Man, The Andromeda Strain, and In Case of Need. I would recommend this novel to people who enjoy airplanes and advanced technology. It is an exceptional novel for people of all ages and should definitely be read. I think men and women both would like it, because the main character is a woman but the book has many manly themes. Overall, Airframe, is a great novel by Michael Crichton. Although it is not his best work, it is not anything to be ashamed of, either. It is a great novel about interesting airplanes and a suspenseful plot to ruin a major airline manufacturer. This book is the perfect ingredient in a recipe for a rainy, cold, winters day.

Switched Networks Essays - Computing, Network Architecture

Switched Networks Switched Networks Networks are getting more and more popular, and because of this more people use them, which slows them down. Networks in the future will need to have enough bandwidth to support applications, like multimedia, witch require larger bandwidth. Switching will change the way networks are designed. These changes will maximize productivity. Switching technology is increasing the efficiency and speed of networks. This technology is making current systems more powerful. Many networks are experiencing bandwidth shortages. There are several reasons for this including: an increase in traffic, because networks have so many users, Amount of data between client/server applications, and the inefficient traffic patterns of most networks. Switching directs network traffic in a very efficient manner. It sends information directly from the port of origin directly to its destination port. Switching increases network performance, enhances flexibility and eases moves, add-ons and changes. One of the benefits of switching is that it maintains a direct line of communication between two ports, and maintains multiple simultaneous links between various ports. It reduces network traffic by reducing media sharing. This technology has some benefits over ethernet routed networks. First, a 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps shared media can be changed to 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps of dedicated bandwidth. Routers have many devices attached to their ports, sharing the bandwidth. Switches let you to connect either a shared segment of bandwidth (workgroup) or a dedicated one (server) to each port. Second, this can be done without changing any software or hardware already on the workstations Finally, a switch installation is less complex than a bridge/router configuration. A ethernet LAN runs at 10 Mbps. Stations attach through a hub or repeater. Every station can receive transmissions from all of the stations, but only in a half-duplex. This means that stations cannot send and receive data simultaneously. In a ethernet network only one packet can transmit at one time, this is what slows down networks. The bridge, the router and the switch, all attempt to reduce transmission time to increase performance. A two-port bridge splits a network into two physical segments and only lets a transmission cross if its destination is on the other side. It also will only move a packet to the other side if it is necessary. This reduces network traffic because traffic on one side stays local. Routers link multiple networks together. It maintains the flow of traffic and routes data to the network that it must go to. (Each port has a unique network number.) it also has a "firewall" function. Bridges and routers have similar bus architectures. Switches eliminate the bus architecture. Ethernet switches segment a LAN into many dedicated lines. A switch port may be configured in segments with many stations hooked to it or with a single station hooked to it. The rule is that only one conversation may originate from any port at a time, it doesn't matter if there is one or a lot of stations connected to that port. All ports have to listen before they transmit. When a single LAN station is connected to a switched port it is in full-duplex mode. This helps because there are no collisions of packets since they are all separate ports. Full-duplex switching means traffic can be sent and received at the same time. Ethernet networks go from 100 Mbps to 200 Mbps. (hubs between a workgroup and a switch will not run full-duplex, the workgroup is unswitched ethernet.). Switches are starting to be more popular than routers and bridges. Switches now do the segmentation once done by routers and bridges. Switches can do more than put a packet to one side or the other - they send traffic right to its destination. RISC (Reduced Instruction Set Computer) is a type of CPU to process in switches. It is used for general, or simple task, RISC switches are not as well at performing specific tasks. One of the advantages of RISC is that it is inexpensive compared to one with customized CPU. RISCs are already somewhat common in businesses and are off-the-shelf processors. This type of switch can perform some functions similar to a router. The downside of this type of RISC is that it is a store-and-forward processor that is not as fast as an ASIC switch. ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) This is the other design widely used in switches to process. They are custom designed to handle specific operations, all of the functions are in hardware. If any changes are needed, manufacturing must be done to rework hardware. No software upgrades are available. Another type of network architecture that is benefiting from switching is, token ring. One of

Cosi Essay Example

Cosi Essay Example Cosi Essay Cosi Essay Act one Scene one: Plot: Lewis along with his girlfriend, Lucy, and his friend, Nick, enter â€Å"a burnt out theatre. † As they struggle to find a light switch they joined by Roy. Lucy leaves and Nick who is frightened joins her. Lewis meets Justin the social worker and then the other members appear. Doug, a pyromaniac, Henry, who says nothing and Zac, a musician. The women join them soon after, Cherry, who is violent, Julie, a drug addict and Ruth, who suffers obsessive compulsive disorder. Lewis is in an unusual situation and doesn’t know what to say to the members.Roy jumps at this opportunity to suggest Cosi Fan Tutti. Roy tries to sell the story but no one shares his enthusiasm. Pg1- â€Å"A burnt out theatre† (mental health system) Pg2- â€Å"This is where I belong: in the theatre† (Roy) (Importance of Art) Pg3- â€Å"Part of this project is to bring out people like Henry† (Importance of Art) Pg5- â€Å"They are normal people who have done e xtraordinary things, thought extraordinary thoughts† (Mental health system) Pg6- â€Å"Go burn a cat† Pg7- â€Å"Detoxed yet† Pg12- â€Å"I prefer this to the ward† (Importance of Art) Act one Scene two:Plot: Lewis auditions the singers, only to find that none of them can sing. Lewis decides that the opera will be done in English. During a lunch break, Lewis listens to a radio interview that Nick gives about the moratorium. â€Å"They’ll want the war to end, they’ll want changes in our society, they’ll want to overthrow the establishment. † Doug continues to ask Lewis personal questions and then reveals the story of burning his mother’s cats. Cherry flirts with Lewis and feeds him a sandwich. Doug suddenly appears and yells there’s a â€Å"fire in the dunnies. Cherry â€Å"throttles him†. Pg15- â€Å"I aim for the stars† Pg16- â€Å"let’s make love not war† (War) Pg17- â€Å"Theyâ€⠄¢ll want the war to end, they’ll want changes in our society, they’ll want to overthrow the establishment. † (War) Pg17- â€Å"to be against the Vietnam war is also to be against the old fossilised government we now have†(War) Pg20- â€Å"If it wasn’t for that damn cat, I wouldn’t be here† Act one Scene three: Plot: After Doug’s fire, Justin announces that the project will be disbanded and blames Doug for the incident. Cherry claims responsibility so that the play can continue.The rehearsals continue only to have more problems. Henry refuses to speak, Zac insists on playing the piano accordion, Ruth becomes obsessed about the coffee and â€Å"how many steps† she needs to take and Roy bangs his head on the floor out of frustration. During a break, Lewis is reading a student newspaper only to be disrupted by Julie. She tells him about her drug addiction and questions him about his love life with Lucy. Cherry enters and for ce feeds Lewis cake. At this point, Doug’s new fire begins to explode and Cherry pulls out her flick knife.Pg22- â€Å"Roy is devastated, as are the others† (Importance of Art) Pg23- â€Å"This experiment was to bring them out of their shells, not to allow them to wreak havoc. † (Importance of Art) Pg23- â€Å"It was me! Doug isn’t to blame. † (Courage) Pg25- â€Å"You believe me that I didn’t start the fire deliberately? † (Trust) Pg27- â€Å"Cosi offers you a chance to do something successful† (importance of Art) Pg33- â€Å"She hates me doing an opera about love and fidelity while thousands of Vietnamese are being killed by American troops. † (War) Pg33- â€Å"I read this stupid libretto, trying to remember the lines. † Pg34- â€Å"It’s urning like a beauty† (Betrayal) Act one Scene four: Plot: Doug has been committed to a closed ward after setting the theatre alight. Julie arrives and talks more about her drug addiction and what the play means to her. â€Å"I like it because I’m doing something. Using up energy. † Cherry arrives and offers her knife to Lewis because Doug has threatened to kill him. Ruth insists that they will have to continue because she has learnt her lines already. Roy announces that Lewis will need to take over Doug’s role in the play. Nick arrives to help with the opera but gets into a fight with Henry about communists.After convincing Henry that he is not a communist, Lewis decides that the characters will instead return disguised as Australian soldiers. Pg35- â€Å"Put in by you-know-who† (Roy feels betrayed by Lewis) Pg36- â€Å"Getting out of my ward. God, how I hate that ward† (Importance of Art) Pg36- â€Å"Cosi gave me something to think about, something to do. † Pg37- â€Å"Lewis is angry with Roy but says nothing. † (Patience) Pg40- â€Å"He’s having shock treatment. Been a bit depressed lately† (Mental Health system) Pg46- â€Å"Jerry, do whatever Nick says. † (Roys trust in Nick) Pg46- â€Å"You support the communists. Yes. † (War) Pg47- â€Å"What’s this about Vietnam?It’s a place somewhere in Asia. There’s a war going on. (mental health system and War) Act two Scene one: Plot: Cherry suggests that they use electro-shock equipment in a scene where Roy rehearses this approach. Zac arrives with a model of the set which is painted plain white and a poster of Mozart in a straightjacket advertising the opera. Roy becomes alarmed because he feels that the production is moving further and further away from his vision. â€Å"I had a dream, Jerry, and it is fading. † Lewis misses the moratorium so that they can rehearse and Henry announces that the women of the opera remind him of his wife.Zac gropes Ruth who responds with hostility. Julie and Lewis exchange a kiss as Cherry looks for them. Suddenly the lights come back on. Pg59- â€Å"Brings back too many memories† (mental health system) Pg61- â€Å"It’s only white walls. May as well be back in our wards† (Mental health system) Pg62- â€Å"A lower dosage. It’s amazing how much more bright the world seems. † (Mental Health system) Pg64- â€Å"Isn’t that the first day of your moratorium? This comes first. † (Lewis’ loyalty) Pg68- â€Å"Julie kisses Lewis. He responds and they kiss passionately† (infidelity)

Babylon

The first mathematics can be traced to the ancient country of Babylon and to Egypt during the 3rd millennium BC. A number system with a base of 60 had developed in Babylon over time. Large numbers and fractions could be represented and formed the basis of advanced mathematical evolution. From at least 1700 BC, Pythagorean triples were studied. The study of linear and quadratic equations led to form of primitive numerical algebra. Meanwhile, similar figures, areas, and volumes were studied as well as the primitive values for pi obtained. The Greeks inherited the Babylonian principles and developed mathematics from 450 BC. They discovered that all real numbers could not accurately express all values, such as relationships between sides. Irrational numbers were born. The Greeks progressed rapidly in mathematics from 300 BC. Progress also sped in the Islamic countries of Syria, India, and Iran. Their work had a different focus from that of the Greeks, but all Greek principles held! true. This basis was later brought to Europe and developed further there. The Babylonian system of writing was called cuneiform and was based on a series of straight lined symbols. These symbols were wet and baked in the hot sun to preserve. Curved lines could not be drawn. These cuneiform symbols led to many tables used to aid calculation. As stated previously, they used a base 60 system, which has ten proper divisors, instead of our current system, base 10 with only two proper divisors. In this respect, their system may have been more advanced since many more numbers have a finite form. Two examples of these tables are the tables found at Senkerah on the Euphrates River in 1854, which date from 2000 BC. This table was used to figure the squares of numbers to 59 and cubes of numbers up to 32. However, a drawback of this system is the lack of a proper 0. Also, context was required to determine if 1 meant 1, 61, or 361, etc. Euclid, who lived ...

Create New business plan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Create New business plan - Essay Example This category was based on performance of the real jewellery which. As the key consumers of real jewellery are the wealthy persons, therefore they appeared to be less sensitive to the sudden economic slowdown and as a result amongst the other personal accessories, jewellery performed the best. With the positive economic scenario, jewellery sales will continue to grow in the markets of Brazil over the period which is forecasted by the analysts ( ). A Compounded Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 10% in respect to this business is projected by the analysts over the forecasted period. The increase in sales value will be dependent on the rise in the unit prices, because sales volumes are likely to see a reduced amount of growth as compared to the value( Confusion). The number of jewellery stores have increased in brazil, Left.... The business will be based on the production and designing of artificial jewellery in Brazil. The jewelleries will be designed as per the latest trends and based on the specifications of the customers as well. The products will have a variety of ranges and designs for customers belonging to various standards. There will be use of precious as well as artificial stones on the jewelleries offered by Belle, as per the need of the customers. Various metals will also be used by the company for making the jewelries. Unlike other jeweler stores, the products offered by Belle will have a sole motive to cater to the need of the people coming from different standard of living. It will have a variety of jewelleries on offering within affordable price ranges. The target market of Belle will be Brazil. It is the fifth largest country in the world. The standard of living of the people of Brazil is quite high. The company will open a shop in Brazil, as the country has a number of real jewellery based shops but lacks artificial jewellery shops. The shop

Trickster Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Trickster - Research Paper Example Events in the world are not so simple to distinguish and thus, the divisions of the oppressor and the oppressed, the victimiser and the victimised, are porous and these two categories often overlap. The coexistence of both categories within the same society often makes this porosity of categories inevitable and this shall be analysed while looking at the characters who seek to escape social boundaries and social restrictions through trickery, and usually earn a living through exploiting others. It is thus, not surprising that in many of these stories, the trickster belongs to non-white races and may often be women or belong to ambiguous sexual identities and orientations. Literature becomes a medium whereby writers seek to show the society how trickery becomes the only option that is available for a class of people who are unable to launch any open form of protest. The character of the trickster may in some cases, not even be human. It may be the society that plays tricks upon the co nsciousnesses of human beings and may also lead to the distortion of memories. Toni Morrison’s story, Recitatif, exemplifies this idea. It talks of the life of a child named Twylla. Twylla is raised for a while in a shelter home where she meets Roberta Fisk. She enters into a friendship with Roberta and sees how a deaf woman named Maggie is abused by the older girls of the shelter. The story of Maggie is told often through memories and often, the narrator of the story can be suspected of being an unreliable narrator. This feature of the story makes it impossible for the reader to identify what happened to the character of Maggie and the question remains whether she was victimized as a result of her being black. This ambiguity in the story points to the unseen character of the trickster in the story, memory. The memory of both Roberta and Twylla are shown to be unreliable and they serve the function of the traditional trickster (Morrison). The trickster, in a manner that is si milar, can also be the collective consciousness of a community. The clean environment of Harlem on Sundays makes the people believe that they are better off in life than they actually are, in the Langston Hughes’s poem, â€Å"Passing†. The real lack of economic resources and squalid manner of living makes these areas want to be like people of other areas that were economically better off. This is possible, according to Hughes, only by converting the collective imagination of the people into metaphoric tricksters (Hughes). In another work by Hughes â€Å"Who’s Passing for Who?† he describes his experience with a couple which seemed to be white. They later reveal that they are colored. While leaving Hughes, they say that they were white people trying to pass off as colored. In this story, the trickster couple serve to bring to the fore the racist assumptions that are made by both white and colored people. Both sets of people harbored prejudices that were de ep-rooted. The young black writers who are a part of the group that Hughes is with try to make themselves appear very knowledgeable. This is a consciously put on act that is aimed at impressing the white people. When they are told that the couple is colored, they end up being very friendly with them and they let their guard down. They then become more

Issue in the media today Essay Example for Free

Issue in the media today Essay Why is asylum such an important issue in the media today? More countries joined the EU recently, and it is expanding. People in the Eastern countries get low wages and so are attracted to Britain. 100-150,000 Poles have come to live in the UK illegally, to find work. The media reflects public concerns over mass immigration. Secondly, we are getting more immigrants than emigrants, so more people are entering than leaving the country. This also raises concerns about overcrowding. Thirdly, terrorism has become increasingly worrying, and people link asylum seekers to the recent murder of a police officer in Bradford. The general public dont believe that the government are effectively handling immigration, where only 25% of asylum cases get rejected, but NOT deported; leading the public to wonder where these people go. Asylum is an issue locally, because there is a Home office (Asylum Centre) in Croydon. These results in many asylum seekers come to Croydon. In this coursework I am going to compare two contrary newspaper articles on the issue of asylum. The point of view expressed by THE SUN is that asylum seekers should not be allowed to come into the UK and stay here. THE SUN wants people to read this article and get angry about those coming into the UK, at the experience of British tax payers. THE SUN believes that some asylum seekers are terrorists, and are using this to convince people to be against asylum seekers and write letters to the government against so much immigration. There are very strong elements of bias present in THE SUN because it gives only the point of view against asylum seekers staying in Britain. It is a very one sided article and though full of opinion, the opinion are put forward as facts. However, the point of view expressed in THE GUARDIAN is liberal, and is trying to give readers more information about the topic, so that they can come to their own decision. This newspaper gives different examples to show that not all asylum seekers are terrorists or coming here for free money. It also makes out that other newspapers are deliberately trying to give false impression to the public to try to scare them. The newspaper, however, is biased, as it only gives the point of view for immigration to be continued, rather than giving information for both sides of the story. However it is clearly an opinion piece and the photograph of the writer reinforces this. THE SUN makes the reader angry using phrases like Every day 1000 people or refugees claim free treatment on the NHS without being entitled to it, and The Government plans to fork out millions of Tax payers money buying luxury Hotels and more estate to house asylum seekers. These phrases make the reader angry if they think that they are paying taxes and asylum seekers are living in luxury hotels for free using their money; making them feel it is unfair. The language used by THE GUARDIAN is more sophisticated than THE SUN; the words used have more complex meanings whereas THE SUN uses simple language to make its points. This shows that the readership of each paper is very different; where THE GUARDIAN is read by people who are typically more educated then those of THE SUN. Its uses language such as tolerance, ethnicity and liberal progressives, which are effective because they make the reader feel that the issue is not in such a dangerous position as others make out. THE SUN uses other techniques to persuade its readers, such as photos and graphs. These are effective because the images used to make you want to read the topic and you can imagine what THE SUN is talking about when looking at the pictures. The graphs are eye-catching and show you the differences between spending in other countries and the UK; it shows the differences here very clearly. The cut-out letter to Tony Blair makes it easy for people to complete, and gives them a sense of power to do something. The bold writing used is catchy because you can see it instantly, and your eye looks at the different writing because it shows you the main points clearly. THE GUARDIAN uses a cartoon to persuade its readers because it is complicated, and vague, so makes them think about its meaning. The photograph is effective because it shows the person who is writing the article, and you realise that this persons opinions are written here. However, THE SUN makes opinion sound like facts which is misleading. I find THE SUN more persuasive because it is simple and effective words which most people are able to understand. It also shows the picture where I think people are able to understand. It also shows the picture where I think people are climbing over the fence having scarves on, which is not showing there full face, this makes the reader think that the people are terrorists or criminals. The article makes me feel angry towards the newspaper because it gives a very biased point of view, and doesnt tell me about genuine asylum cases. My point of view is that asylum seekers should be allowed to move from their country to any country they wish, because they are also humans as we are and they are just unlucky that they cant live in their own country because of many reasons like war and persecution. The main reason that people move from their country to the UK is because they need to reach a place of safety. Secondly, they choose the UK in preference to other destinations which tells us that they know of the UK but I dont think they will have a detailed knowledge of our immigration and/or our benefits systems. I think that the people should make more effort to understand the difference between asylum seekers and illegal immigrants. Illegal immigrants are people who move to settle in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting them to settle in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting them to settle in that country. I can understand that some people may get upset by so many people moving here, because it is hard to find jobs anyway, hospitals and schools are overcrowded and there is a lot of crime, people may feel that asylum seekers only add to the problem.

Richard Wrights Native Son :: Essays Papers

Native Son In Native Son, by Richard Wright, the main character is 20 year old Bigger Thomas. Growing up poor, uneducated, and angry at the whole world, it is almost obvious that Bigger is going to have a rough life. Anger, frustration, and violence are habits for him. He is an experienced criminal, and unable to handle with his wild mood swings, Bigger often explodes in fits of crazy, aggressive outrage. Bigger has grown up with the opinion that he simply has no control over his life. In his mind, he can’t ever be anything more than an unskilled, low-wage laborer. He is forced to take a job as a chauffeur for the Daltons to avoid having to watch his own family starve. Strangely, Mr. Dalton is Bigger's landlord; he owns most of the company that manages the apartment building where Bigger's family lives. Mr. Dalton and other wealthy real estate men are robbing the poor, black tenants on the South Side. What they do is refuse to rent apartments in other neighborhoods to black tenants. By doing this, they create an fake housing shortage on the South Side, and that causes high rents. Mr. Dalton likes to think of himself as a generous man just because he gives money to black schools and offers jobs to "poor, timid black boys" like Bigger. However, his generosity is only a way for him to get rid of the guilty conscience he has for cheating the poor black residents of Chicago. Mary Dalton, the daughter of Bigger's Mr. Dalton, angers Bigger when she ignores the "rules" of society when it comes to relationships between white women and black men. On his first day on the job, Bigger drives Mary out to meet her boyfriend, Jan. One thing leads to another, and all three of them get drunk. Mary is too drunk to make it to her bedroom on her own, so Bigger helps her up the stairs. Just as he places Mary on her bed, Mary's blind mother, Mrs. Dalton, enters the bedroom. Bigger is scared that Mary will give away that he is in the room, so he covers her face with a pillow and accidentally smothers her to death. Unaware that Mary is dead, Mrs. Dalton prays and then leaves the room. Bigger tries to cover his crime by burning Mary's body in the Daltons' furnace.

Gender Analysis of “The Tigers Bride” by Angela Carter Essay

The short story_The Tigers Bride_ raises thought provoking concepts around gender through a plot both alike and unlike traditional Beauty and the Beast. The role of both genders is explored and true freedom questioned within the bounds of society. The text delivers a powerful and even handed message to the genders that constraints are merely a construct, a mask which can slip and shatter when pressure is applied. Angela Carter sketches a bleak setting, and equally bleak outlook for the female protagonist, caught in a powerless, debased and objectified position of social standing. Agency is firmly placed with The Beast, and the father, opening with the line; ‘My father lost me to The Beast at cards’. Objectified from the outset for her beauty, the narrator is declared a ‘treasure’ by both men and a ‘pearl beyond price’ by her father. The barb is deepened with Christmas, the day of items named as the day of her birth. Her nickname ‘Christmas rose’ gives rye commentary on the traditional symbolism of the rose, which re-emerges later stained with her blood, representing the loss of innocence at the hands of the patriarchy much as her mother before her who ‘did not blossom long’. Despite her predicament the narrator represents herself and her gender atypically to binary stereotype with a cynicism and wit that cuts through the flaws of the hegemonic dominated society around her. Receiving a rose from The Beast, she calls it ‘unnatural and out of season’ and tears it apart whilst being bartered as an object in the card game. Her disdain for her predicament and surrounds are powerless in these early stages and are blended with a sadness ‘you think there is no winter but forget you take it with you’. The narrator fast becomes a heroine to the audience, through a nurtured appreciation of her budding inner strength. This is emphasised by the stark contrast to the insipidness of the father and veiled vulnerability of The Beast. The windup soubrette doll becomes a leading symbol of the dehumanising ideals of society on the female gender with the heroine  likening herself to the doll, initially. The valet’s statement ‘surrounding ourselves for utility and pleasure with simulacra is no less convenient than for most gentlemen’ casts light on the hegemonic expectation of society. However the heroine’s character grows in strength with every denial to The Beast and her rejection of society’s expectations of ‘her skin as her sole capital’ she acts on this through her rejection of the gifted diamond earrings. Role reversal occurs when The Beast himself unclothes in vulnerability ahead of the heroine. Transformation is near complete when she views the soubrette in a new light and intends to send the doll back to perform the stilted role of father’s daughter, realising that true freedom from the limitations of society means shedding and joining the ‘beasts’. The text proposes that gender constraints are a construct and are not limited to the suppression of female power. The bounds of society on The Beast and his estate are also evident and ironically his visage, scent and abode is criticised by the heroine as failing to comply with expectations. Her animosity towards The Beast is likely birthed in her predicament, his mask a reminder of the too perfect hegemony she detests. However The Beast conducts himself with a subtleness and dignity that can be afforded to no human in the story. Contrasting The Beasts behaviour with the character of the father or the viscous rumours of the nursemaids highlights the authors point that the limitations gender and society have created hamper the full potential of character. The Beasts compassion and coyness suggest an inner subordinate or complicit form of masculinity, the hegemonic persona forced, donned as disguise to conform. The story outlines an ideal place; ‘nothing human lives here’, a place where identity is essential to being not performed as a requirement. The message is bittersweet; the escape to freedom in a new skin is a relative exile from society; a clear rebuke to a society which forces such drastic methods upon the genders to avoid cultural ideation. Bibliography: Carter, Angela, (1996). The Tiger’s Bride. In Carter, Angela, Burning your boats : the collected short stories, (pp.183 – 201). London: Vintage.

Jails and Prisons

The Differences of Prisons and Jails Kenitra Evans CRJ303 Instructor Martin McAuliffe March 13, 2013 There are many differences between jails and prisons. They equally both house offenders but their day to day operations are very different. There are long histories about jails and prisons both and in this paper we will describe the differences of jails and prisons including how they operate and their functions.Many people hear the words prison and or jail, and they believe that both are one in the same but in reality they are very much different. Jails are correctional facilities that house offenders before or after they are sentenced for their crimes committed. Those individuals that are confined in jails are: * Individuals pending arraignment and awaiting trial, conviction, or sentencing * Probation, parole, and bail bond violators and absconders (Seiter,2011 pg 71) There are many different other reasons jails house inmates. Jails are full service facilities that offer security, fo od service, medical care, and offender programs and are therefore different from lockups, which are commonly located in police stations and hold people only for a short period of time, usually no more than forty-eight hours. †(Seitter, 2011) Sheriff’s and local governments oversee the day to day operation of jails and there are different jails such as the regional jail which were created because the basic operations of jails were becoming complicated for small counties and the need for funding to continue operations.There are about 3,600 jails in the United States. â€Å"The size of the jail population is a product of decisions made by various law enforcement entities that the jail serves, the courts, and other segments of the criminal justice system. The size of the jail population is also affected by local, state, and federal laws; crime rates; and public attitudes about crime. †(nicic. gov) The length of stay and those admitted to jails are quite different fro m prisons. There have been almost 9 to 11 admissions to jail and the average length of stay is 15 to twenty days.Sometimes a person stays longer if they are still fighting a case thus pushing out their court dates which extends their stay provided they cannot afford bail. â€Å"During 2003, 686,437 inmates were admitted to state and federal prisons, 656,320 inmates were released, and the average length of stay for released inmates was 36 months. The jail system booking and release procedures are on a constant whirlwind with bail bonds and so forth. There are different jails as well such as state jails and county jails.In state jails an inmate can spend no more than two years maximum. Prisons Prisons are run by state governments and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. There are only about 100 federal prisons, detention centers, and correctional institutions in the U. S. Prisons were created to house inmates that are serving a sentence of one year or more that are convicted of crimes. Pri sons offer more to inmates such as work programs, Halfway houses and other educational programs that could possibly benefit the offender.These sorts of incentives are not offered in jails because inmates are usually serving shorter sentences. There are different facilities such as BOP operated prisons, long term contract facilities and jails/short term facilities. Many offenders in prison are set in place by their security levels. Some are deemed as low risk, medium risk or high risk offenders which determine where they are housed. The prison budget has been over exceeded with the operations and also building more prisons to prevent overcrowding. Corrections is the fifth-largest area of state spending after Medicaid, secondary education, higher education and transportation. State spending on prisons has swelled as the nation’s jail and prison population has climbed to 2. 3 million people, or about one in every 100 adults. But grim budget realities are forcing state lawmakersà ¢â‚¬â„¢ hand. †(pewtrusts. org) There is a difference in jails and prisons as well as how they are operated. Prisons house offenders that have been convicted of crimes whereas jails house those awaiting trial as well as those serving shorter sentences.Prisons and jails have come a long way and there will be more changes to come with the world’s crime rate as it is. References At Least 23 States Cut Funding for Prisons This Year, August 11, 2009 The Pew Charitable Trusts http://www. pewtrusts. org/our_work_report_detail. aspx? id=54481 Corrections: An Introduction; Richard P. Seiter 3rd edition 2011 Upper Saddle River New York Jail Resource Issues What Every Funding Authority Need to Know, Gary M. Bowker February 2002 http://static. nicic. gov/Library/017372. pdf Jails and Prisons The Differences of Prisons and Jails Kenitra Evans CRJ303 Instructor Martin McAuliffe March 13, 2013 There are many differences between jails and prisons. They equally both house offenders but their day to day operations are very different. There are long histories about jails and prisons both and in this paper we will describe the differences of jails and prisons including how they operate and their functions.Many people hear the words prison and or jail, and they believe that both are one in the same but in reality they are very much different. Jails are correctional facilities that house offenders before or after they are sentenced for their crimes committed. Those individuals that are confined in jails are: * Individuals pending arraignment and awaiting trial, conviction, or sentencing * Probation, parole, and bail bond violators and absconders (Seiter,2011 pg 71) There are many different other reasons jails house inmates. Jails are full service facilities that offer security, fo od service, medical care, and offender programs and are therefore different from lockups, which are commonly located in police stations and hold people only for a short period of time, usually no more than forty-eight hours. †(Seitter, 2011) Sheriff’s and local governments oversee the day to day operation of jails and there are different jails such as the regional jail which were created because the basic operations of jails were becoming complicated for small counties and the need for funding to continue operations.There are about 3,600 jails in the United States. â€Å"The size of the jail population is a product of decisions made by various law enforcement entities that the jail serves, the courts, and other segments of the criminal justice system. The size of the jail population is also affected by local, state, and federal laws; crime rates; and public attitudes about crime. †(nicic. gov) The length of stay and those admitted to jails are quite different fro m prisons. There have been almost 9 to 11 admissions to jail and the average length of stay is 15 to twenty days.Sometimes a person stays longer if they are still fighting a case thus pushing out their court dates which extends their stay provided they cannot afford bail. â€Å"During 2003, 686,437 inmates were admitted to state and federal prisons, 656,320 inmates were released, and the average length of stay for released inmates was 36 months. The jail system booking and release procedures are on a constant whirlwind with bail bonds and so forth. There are different jails as well such as state jails and county jails.In state jails an inmate can spend no more than two years maximum. Prisons Prisons are run by state governments and the Federal Bureau of Prisons. There are only about 100 federal prisons, detention centers, and correctional institutions in the U. S. Prisons were created to house inmates that are serving a sentence of one year or more that are convicted of crimes. Pri sons offer more to inmates such as work programs, Halfway houses and other educational programs that could possibly benefit the offender.These sorts of incentives are not offered in jails because inmates are usually serving shorter sentences. There are different facilities such as BOP operated prisons, long term contract facilities and jails/short term facilities. Many offenders in prison are set in place by their security levels. Some are deemed as low risk, medium risk or high risk offenders which determine where they are housed. The prison budget has been over exceeded with the operations and also building more prisons to prevent overcrowding. Corrections is the fifth-largest area of state spending after Medicaid, secondary education, higher education and transportation. State spending on prisons has swelled as the nation’s jail and prison population has climbed to 2. 3 million people, or about one in every 100 adults. But grim budget realities are forcing state lawmakersà ¢â‚¬â„¢ hand. †(pewtrusts. org) There is a difference in jails and prisons as well as how they are operated. Prisons house offenders that have been convicted of crimes whereas jails house those awaiting trial as well as those serving shorter sentences.Prisons and jails have come a long way and there will be more changes to come with the world’s crime rate as it is. References At Least 23 States Cut Funding for Prisons This Year, August 11, 2009 The Pew Charitable Trusts http://www. pewtrusts. org/our_work_report_detail. aspx? id=54481 Corrections: An Introduction; Richard P. Seiter 3rd edition 2011 Upper Saddle River New York Jail Resource Issues What Every Funding Authority Need to Know, Gary M. Bowker February 2002 http://static. nicic. gov/Library/017372. pdf

buy custom AstraZeneca essay

buy custom AstraZeneca essay AstraZeneca is the second largest biopharmaceutical company in Europe. The production and manufacture of its popular heartburn drug Nexium subjected the company to many law suits filed by plaintiffs. Consumer coalitions protested that the drug worked the same as Prilose. The company had previously been manufacturing Prilose but its patent had expired hence the company introduced Nexium a more expensive alternative. Mr. Berman, the plaintiffs' lawyer said that there was no problem in introducing a new drug to the market. However, the bulk of the problem lay with the companys deceptive style of advertising. The Amerian Federation of Labor Congress of Industrial Organizations, the California Alliance for Retired Americans and the Congress of California Seniors filed the class action law suit. AstraZeneca had apparently violated the Unfair Competition Law and False Advertising Law. The plaintiffs recognized a breach in the law and went ahead to gather evidence to make their case possible. Under the fore mentioned law, anyone (or a company) that takes advantage of advertising through the posting of misleading information and falsifying information about a product as a profit gaining means through misleading people into using products would be liable to law. In the same regard, the law forbids publishing of false materials and statements that make a companys products chosen by consumers over other companies. To win the case, the plaintiffs had to show that AstraZeneca charted the entire plan of fooling patients into believing that they were buying a better yet more expensive druug. The plaintiff had to prove that the new drug was no different from cheaper generic over the counter drugs including Prilose. The plaintiff also sought to show that patients who had the drug prescribed by doctors were not happy with their health. The F.D.A imposes heavy penalties for any deceptive and false claims by drug companies. The court can destitute and/or disgorge all illegal and unlawful profits earned through the sale of the drug. The company can also be ordered to pay interests on the profits as well as cover the legal costs of the organizations filing the lawsuit. The suits had been in Massachusetts January 25, 2005, California on October 18, 2004, and a nationwide case on May 27, 2005, in Delaware. On October 1, 2007 in Massachusetts the plaintiffs filed the motion for class certification while inCalifornia, On September 21, 2005, Judge Chaney declined to dismiss the plaintiffs' case and on October 1, 2007, the plaintiffs filed their motion for class certification. Regarding the nationwide case, on December 18, 2007, the plaintiffs filed a petition for certiorari, requesting the United States Supreme Court to give a ruling. Buy custom AstraZeneca essay

Habits and Traits of the Common Cellar Spider

Habits and Traits of the Common Cellar Spider People often refer to cellar spiders (Family Pholcidae) as daddy longlegs, because most do have long, slender legs. This can create some confusion, however, because daddy longlegs is also used as a nickname for harvestman, and sometimes even for craneflies. Description If you havent guessed already, pholcid spiders often take up residence in basements, sheds, garages, and other similar structures. They construct irregular, stringy webs (another way to differentiate them from harvestman, which doesnt produce silk). Most (but not all) cellar spiders have legs that are disproportionately long for their bodies. The species with shorter legs typically live in leaf litter, and not your basement. They have flexible tarsi. Most (but again, not all) pholcid species have eight eyes; some species have just six. Cellar spiders are usually dull in color, and less than 0.5 inches in body length. The largest known pholcid species in the world, Artema atlanta, is only 11 mm (0.43 mm) long. This species was introduced to North America, and now inhabits a small area of Arizona and California. The long-bodied cellar spider, Pholcus phalangioides, is a very common find in basements throughout the world. Classification Kingdom – AnimaliaPhylum – ArthropodaClass – ArachnidaOrder – AraneaeInfraorder - AraneomorphaeFamily - Pholcidae Diet Cellar spiders prey on insects and other spiders and are particularly fond of eating ants. They are highly sensitive to vibrations and will close in on an unsuspecting arthropod rapidly if it happens to wander into its web. Cellar spiders have also been observed purposely vibrating the webs of other spiders, as a tricky way of luring in a meal. Life Cycle Female cellar spiders wrap their eggs loosely in silk to form a rather flimsy but effective egg sac. The mother pholcid carries the egg sac in her jaws. Like all spiders, the young spiderlings hatch from their eggs looking similar to adults. They molt their skin as they grow into adults. Special Adaptations and Defenses When they feel threatened, cellar spiders will vibrate their webs rapidly, presumably to confuse or deter the predator. Its unclear whether this makes the pholcid more difficult to see or catch, but its a strategy that seems to work for the cellar spider. Some people refer to them as vibrating spiders because of this habit. Cellar spiders are also quick to autotomize (shed) legs to escape predators. Although cellar spiders do have venom, they arent a cause for concern. A common myth about them is that they are highly venomous, but lack fangs long enough to penetrate human skin. This is a total fabrication. Its even been debunked on Mythbusters. Range and Distribution Worldwide, there are nearly 900 species of cellar spiders, with most living in the tropics. Just 34 species live in North America (north of Mexico), and some of these were introduced. Cellar spiders are most often associated with human dwellings, but also inhabit caves, leaf litter, rock piles, and other protected natural environments.

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 8

Proposal - Essay Example Improve effectiveness of workgroups, encourage people to give support to and improve nation-wide pollution prevention campaigns as well as support and promote environmental pollution prevention actions of educational pollution prevention enterprises and regional forums Educate people on how to avoid environmental pollution. The paper will also utilize participants, through advisory council and workgroups to find and influence national policy issues, encourage people to cooperate with outside associates to affect community policy and ensure providers of pollution prevention have unlimited access to new program developments and technologies. Moreover, the paper aims at facilitating and supporting training opportunities of environmental pollution prevention and supporting the distribution and development of scholastic contamination prevention information besides ensuring that communities work together to create mechanisms for finding and addressing matters of joint concern. Engage them in the research: When I engage people in any research, they will be able to learn more and get an in-depth understanding of what is being talked about (Best, 28-31) for example asking them to visit areas of research is important in that they will be able to know how these substances are produced, how wastes are eliminated and how they result to environmental pollution. Public lectures: I will conduct public lectures on causes and effects of environmental pollution to people. Knowing its causes and effort, people will be able to take various initiatives of control and avoidance. Distributing leaflets: These leaflets will be able to communicate to a wide scope of the population on various issues concerning the environment and also educate them on control and prevention measures of environmental pollution. Soil contamination- caused by chemicals that are released by underground leakages or spill, most common are heavy metals e.g. cadmium and chromium,

Qualitative Methods Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Qualitative Methods - Assignment Example In this method of qualitative research, the theory developed should be flexible enough to be able to cover a broad variety of varying instances more understandable, in such a way that it makes sense of the whole picture, and not just an aspect of it (Charmaz, 2007). This specific method may have a great impact on the mini-project. One of the capacities of the grounded theory method is that it can analyze and understand current social situations, such as spirituality in nursing, and then predict the changes in the said situations (Schreiber & Stern, 2001). Indeed, the basic steps of grounded theory shaped the steps utilized in the thematic analysis of the mini-project. For example, after the interview, although the questions were not really improved or refined, the coded transcriptions were compared with the results of others, in order to allow the relevant themes to emerge. After the said themes materialized, they were again re-evaluated through their comparison to other literature. By doing so, the mini-project was able to achieve an aim of grounded theory, which involves extracting the common meanings of experiences from individuals undergoing common experiences (Jannetti, 2005). More importantly, at the end of the mini-project, it was also a ble to provide a meaningful course for action (in promoting spirituality in workplace), which is something Birks and Mills (2011) stated that is achieved by grounded theory. Jannetti, A. J. (2005, February 24). Case and Grounded Theory As Qualitative Research Methods. Retrieved from Red Orbit:

Memento (2000) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Memento (2000) - Essay Example These include a single problem facing the protagonist, comic relief and getting the audience to believe what the protagonist is fighting for. In Memento, Leonard’s mind is fixed on one thing only: track down his wife’s killer and kill them. There is comic relief in the story when Leonard’s details, such as having been an insurance investigator, and the story of Sammy, who also suffered a memory loss. The audience sympathize with Leonard. Leonard believes the second attacker’s name was John while the second name begins with â€Å"G†. He, therefore, embarks on an investigation to find John G. The plot of the film also details Leonard’s attempts to track down the second attacker with the name John G. The film develops in reverse sequence, showing the protagonist hot on the heels of a certain John G. He meets a man named Teddy whose full name turns out to be John Edward Gammell. Believing it is John G., he kills him. In the final black-and-white sequence, still in reverse, Leonard learns about another man, Jimmy Grantz and is told that he is a â€Å"John G† (memento, n.p.). Leonard proceeds to kill him. The film-makers have adopted a complicated narrative technique to tell the story. They present the film in two parts: the black-and-white section and color section. The black-and-white segment chronologically depicts Leonard as he hunts down his wife’s killer and ends when he kills Jimmy Grantz. The color segment, on the other hand, is presented in reverse. It begins with Leonard killing Teddy and works back in time to moment Leonard discovered that he had killed the wrong man, Jimmy Grantz (Memento, n.p.). Consequently, the events in the film are not presented chronologically as the two segments are intertwined throughout the movie. The film’s protagonist is Leonard Shelby. Leonard is hunting for his wife’s killer and the only clue he has is that the killer bears the name John and the second name begins

Tickets Movie Analysis Essay Example for Free

Tickets Movie Analysis Essay Starring: Blerta Cahani, Valeria Bruni Tedeschi, Silvana De Santis Sanije, Dedja Martin Compston, Gary Maitland, Carlo Delle Piane, Filippo Trojano, William Ruane Written by: Abbas Kiarostami, Ermanno Olmi, Paul Laverty Directed by:   Ken Loach, Ermanno Olmi, Abbas Kiarostami MPAA Rating: Unrated Language: English, Albanian, Italian, with English subtitles Running Time: 115 minutes Date: October 24, 2006 Introduction: The compilation films hardly ever work as a unified whole; the best to hope for is that one of the section will stand apart from others, as is the case with Life Lesson’s by Martin Scorsese from New York Stories and The Hand by Wong Kar-Wai from Eros. The new movie Tickets grips u well from the beginning till the very end mainly due to the fact that three different directors have worked together in flawless fashion combining one series into the next one. The whole movie takes place on a train. Ermanno Olmi (The tree of Wooden Clogs) an Italian director being with an upsetting story of an old Italian professor played by Carlo Delle Piane remembering a beautiful assistant played by Valeria Bruni Tedeschi who took care of him while being on a business trip. Sitting in first class dining car, he finally turns his sight towards more instant matters. The next story is told by Abbas Kiarostami who also directed the wind will carry us and Taste of Cherry. He tells a story of an ex soldier played by Filippo Trojano now fulfilling the whims of a bossy general’s widow played by Silvana De Santis. His displeasure mounts when he meets a couple of teenage girls from his hometown. Than it is the turn of Ken Loach who also directed Sweet Sixteen and My name is Joe. He tells the story of a trio of Glasgow Rangers football fanatics played by William Ruane, Gary Maitland and Martin Compston who are heading for a big game and on their way they meet a concerned Albanian family. Movie Review Tickets certainly has a number of examples in different cinema’s, movies which have brought together famous directors to make a single short story that is either is or isn’t linked to the central idea. The short movie format is infamous for its trickiness. A critical trend is associated with such films. One sequence tends to do better at the price of the other. The movie Tickets is in the same process with the story of Olmi being the worst where as Abbas’s story getting the most praise.   The strength of tickets is its remarkable stability of quality in all the three different parts and they in spite of the difference in the style and content show a unity of vision to the movie as the whole. The journey of the train proves to be a life affecting one for the characters. Their eyes are opened to the world surrounding them in way which proves to be a decisive action.   In the first story of Ermanno Olmi, a 60 year Pharmacologist recognized as The Professor cannot focus on the report he wants to write for a company he visited because of the intuition on him by a beautiful and kind P.R women who saw him off at the train station. As the train leaves the station, he recalls the moments between the two, gestures and looks whose implication could be taken more than a friendship. He starts to write a letter to the women to express his feelings in which he frequently stops to think. This story opens up in a seductively non linear fashion reflecting the memory of the professor of their meeting which than recalls a childhood memory in which a piano is played by a girl whose face he cannot see. The professors thought is occasionally interrupted by different stories which are taking place around him. Is the man actively conducted to music he is both listening and reading to a musician or just and excited music devotee? Why is the man sitting on the opposite side ripping stories out of the newspaper? Why are the soldiers and their commander on board? The commander sits opposite of the Professor whereas his men are standing in the corridor talking to a pretty young female of an Albanian family who cannot afford seats in the First class car. The attention of the professor diverts to the female. He shows an act of kindness which awakes him from his fantasy and from his memory and even from the ignorance of the world. He is not the only one to go such a change. The second story of Kiarostami reduces the tone with the introduction of some well portrayed character comedy as a woman makes her way through a train and grabs two seats one for herself and the other a young man whose name is Fillipo whom she continuously bullies like he is her son. She is woman with whom even a slightest disagreement would be a problem. One such unexpected result is the conflict over a mobile phone which surely prompts laughter. Fillipo meets a young girl from his home town which makes him to re think his own life decisions. This story is an examination of relationships and how status, duty and experience can shape personalities and lives. The true meaning of the woman’s journey whose exposure reveals the behavior of both her and Fillipo which leads to Fillipo’s decision which shows us the glimpse of weakness underneath her hard exterior. A few carts down are three young Scottish Celtic male supporters who are on their way to see a Champions League match. Many will quickly recognize that this is the story of Ken Loach and this story provides the significant jump in style as the language turns over to English. One of the issues here is communication but the ideas to the story are the themes of international solidarity and working class nobility very close to both Laverty and Loach. The lower class status of both the groups is decisive to the narrative. The three supermarket workers from Scotland whose employer has given a bag of sandwiches for their journey which their low income cannot afford and when one of the supporter lose their ticket, their problem increases. They cannot buy their way out with a credit car. They present the sandwiches as a gift when the trio starts a friendship with the Albanian family also mentioned in the first story. The friendship between the two groups soon is shattered when one of the Scot suspects the young son of the family to have stolen it. The recovery of the ticket is important as the owner may risk an arrest on his arrival in Rome. Their effort in recovering the stolen ticket and hearing the story of a family whose story of poverty surpasses theirs. They face them with an ethical problem motivated by the doubt that they may be being spun a well trained line. It is here that the significance of the title is most eagerly felt, where the ticket is more than just a means of traveling and becomes something that could actually change lives. The three different stories are associated by more than just the characters and the entire journey. They distribute thematic concerns of relationships, self awakening, social status and communication and explore these areas in different ways. The entire cast is brilliant throughout with actor Carlo Delle Piani playing the role of The Professor wonderfully assigning the thoughts of a man lost in the new and old memories. Gary Maitland, Martin Compston and William Ruane delightfully perform the role of the three Celtic Football Club supporters. The cast in Kiarostami piece is effectively striking with Filipo Trojano and Caroline Benvenga playing the girl whom he meets communication through their eyes. Through their eyes Filipo suggests a hidden sadness and gentleness where she suggests large and wide as an anime princess as they do with words. Conclusion If one compares the three different parts, the weakest tends to be of Olmi since it is far too inactive, inert and the object of liking of the main character is too weakly construed. The high point of the movie is Kiarostami story. A delightful and humorous observation of a lady who not willing to let go of a former soldier and self respect which is all of a sudden dissolved by the death of her husband who was an army general. She forces thing her own way and most of the time gets away from it. The story of Loach is typical of his style, an obvious heart for the working class and a bigger heart for the demoralized class. He ends the movie in a cheerful mood which is very good as Tickets is a magnificent celebration of the world’s three truest directors and putting their work in one movie is a joy to watch. Bibliography Tickets from Kamera. Retrieved on June 7th from http://www.kamera.co.uk/reviews_extra/tickets.php Tickets from Cine Boom. Retrieved on June 7th from http://translate.google.com/translate?hl=ensl=itu=http://www.cineboom.it/anteprime.php%3FID%3D20%26c%3D3sa=Xoi=translateresnum=10ct=resultprev=/search%3Fq%3DTickets%2Bby%2Babbas%2Bkiarostami,%2Bken%2Bloach,%2Bermanno%2Bolmi)%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DN

Essay --

Even though there is an age requirement, alcohol should be banned because it leads to drunk driving and kills. Here in the state of Missouri, statistics show that in 2011, 9,878 people died in drunk driving crashes. One crash every 53 minutes. There are two types of drunk driving offenses. One is DWI, which is driving while intoxicated. The other is the DUI, driving under the influence, which would be of alcohol or other drugs. They both follow the same rules and laws. Here in Missouri, we have strict laws and offenses that limit drunk driving. The legal blood alcohol level for driving is a maximum .08% if you are over the age of 21 and .02% for minors under the age 21. A first offence for driving while intoxicated is considered a class B misdemeanor. Class B misdemeanors can vary from 30 days up to six months in jail, up to $500 in fines, or both. A second offense within five years of the first violation is a class A misdemeanor and is serving up to 1 year in jail, a $1,000 fine, or both. A third conviction for DWI in your lifetime is a class D felony and you serve 4 years in prison, a $5,000 fine, or both. Previous laws in Missouri used to require that the first offense would have occurred within 10 years of the 3rd offense, but now it is a lifetime look back. A fourth conviction is a class C felony and is punishable by up to 7 years in prison, a $5,000 fine, or both. A fifth conviction is a class B felony and is punished with up to 15 years in prison. With DUI convictions, even first-time offenders receive a license suspension. The suspension ranges from 90 days to a full year. Drivers who have a second or third DUI conviction face having their licenses revoked for another five to ten years, not including their other consequ... ... sure before you do drink, someone is assigned to be the designated driver and make sure that they are committed to not drinking any alcoholic beverages. As technology increases, there are more and more types of ways to prevent drunk driving. The use of ignition locks is growing in popularity and are trying to be mandatory for all vehicles. An ignition lock is a machine that is connected to a car’s ignition and checks the drivers blood alcohol content level. Installing an ignition lock in repeated violators cars is a possibility in many states. They would have to blow into the machine to start the car and also from time to time while driving. If alcohol is detected, the car either does not start or turns itself off. If a driver fails the test while the car is in motion, the vehicle’s horn will honk, or the lights will flash to get the attention of police officers.

Academic Summary Essay

In the article, How unethical are you? , Banaji et al. (2003) investigate four factors that result in unethical decision taken by managers: Implicit forms of prejudice, bias that favours one’s own group, a tendency to over claim credit, and conflict of interest. The authors believe that the implicit prejudice is an unconscious judgment which originates from unintentional tendency to create relationships in the past. The implicit bias brings about social and economic effects which may eliminate capable people from doing the right job. Another reason is a tendency that benefits members of a group. This happens when those in minority are treated differently and less supported by the larger group only because they are a small group. Unaware exaggeration of their own talents is another influencing factor in which individuals rate themselves highly competent and exaggerate one’s own cooperation in the group. Wide ranging opinions is the next factor stated by the authors which can also distort coming to a fair decision. See more: Homeless satire essay A bias in which there is tendency toward people with the same or similar idea causes disagreements and lead to unintentional immoral attitudes. Banaji et. al claim that by putting the conscious mind into use and paying more careful attention, managers would be able to confine the power of their conscious mind. They propose collecting data, shaping the environment, and broadening the decision making as the three main solutions to formulate conscious techniques. Banaji et. al point out that one way to decrease unintentional tendency is gathering information and making organized decisions. Moreover, they believe that implicit tendencies can be created by key signs in the environment. In order to reshape the existing bias, the person can put himself in an opposite situation in which the typical bias is being doubted. Expanding decision-making is another solution proposed by the authors which is achieved by disregarding your own identity when making decisions that may benefit specific groups of people more than others. Finally the authors state that managers who believe that they are unbiased must question the hypothesis that they are objective.

M1 Analysing different types of business information and their sources Essay

Verbal information: It is important that Detica uses verbal communication, mainly because they are a big technology based organisation. Detica uses a hierarchy structure that is like a chain of communication. This is the way a business communicates through different departments. This means that if the client doesn’t communicate with each other the chain will be broken, this can cause problems and result in tasks not getting completed. The advantage of verbal information is that it is easier than written and on-screen information, this is because when you use verbal you are able to understand every detail that is being said by the speaker. In Detica they use verbal information in meeting with staff and customers, this is an advantage for customers as they get to ask staff questions just in case they want to clarify something or if they didn’t understand the instructions clearly. With verbal information you get to communicate more effectively when in meeting and conferences. Verbal information does have its disadvantages, such as language barriers. Language barriers can effect verbal information because the other person may not speak English or they might have an accent. This type of language barrier can cause poor communication between the staff in Detica and the customer. Written information: Written information has its advantages that are used in a technology organisation like Detica. This type of information may be used in memos, contracts, instructions or when writing notes, by doing this they are able to refer back to it and verify the information so that they understand it clearly. This can help Detica when they are helping a client who may not understand English properly, because they will be able to give them written feedback that is clear and easy to read. However there are disadvantages such as typos and unclear instructions. Written information can sometimes be misleading if a word is spelt the wrong way, this can also be misunderstood if the instructions are in the wrong order or not sent out in a clear way. This can be a problem for the staff in Detica because if they receive a set of an instruction that is not clear or doesn’t have enough information they will not be able to follow the steps properly. Multimedia information: There are advantages to multimedia information as it can be very user friendly, it’s easy to use as all the you have to do is watch the video or listen to the audio. Multimedia information is suitable for everyone ranging from a large audience to an individual. There are also disadvantages that can affect the way multimedia is shown, for example if there is too much information it can make it harder to get the important message across to the viewer. On screen information: On screen information such as presentations can give the talker some assistance when presenting to staff and clients. Presentations are easy to use because they can be projected or played with media player when it being viewed in person, this means it’s easier for staff and clients to understand information when figures and statistics are being explained. PowerPoint’s allow a large amount of people to view it and can be sent through email. The disadvantages of on-screen information is that if the presentation is too long people may get bored and is likely to not be interested. Also the creator has to make sure that the information that is being presented makes sense. Web based information: Web based information is good for sending presentations via the internet to help people connect. This is a visual element that can consist of images and examples that the viewer can read through at their own pace. However some people may find that they are not able to access this type of web based information because they might need to install a copy of Microsoft PowerPoint in order for them to see it. Also if the online presentation is too long the viewer may not look through the rest of the information. External sources: The advantages of this are that the information has been already published. For example the government are able to publish statistics that is supplied from the office of national statistics. When collecting research externally it is an advantage because it can allow the researcher to gain advanced knowledge as well as facts. However there are disadvantages to external sources because it can take a long time to find out information if it’s coming from outside the business, also some of the information that’s published may not be reliable enough and could be false. Internal sources: This is good because there are a variety of sources within Detica, for example finance, sales and human resources department. Collecting internal information on Detica’s marketing can show their results that have been undertaken by the organisation, to see if they have had a success in any marketing activities. The disadvantages of this are that it requires a lot of administration work to be done in a short amount of time.